Research Library
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41 compounds carry a sourced mechanism and preclinical summary, referenced to 319 citations checked against the DOI registry and PubMed. 5 do not, and say so.
Analytical documentation is a separate record: 20 certificates of analysis issued by Vanguard Laboratory under A2LA #6377.01.01 cover the lots we ship.
41 of 41 summaries
Metabolic
4 summaries- 5-Amino 1MQ
- 5-AMQ
- 5A-1MQ
- NNMTi
⚠️ Note: 5-Amino 1MQ is a small molecule (methylquinolinium derivative), not a peptide.
Mechanism, findings and references →- AOD9604
- Tyr-hGH Frag 176-191
Cagriniltide (also known as AM833 or NN1213 ) is a novel, investigational, long-acting acylated analogue of human amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide, IAPP) developed by Novo Nordisk.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Tirzepatide
- LY3298176
- GIP/GLP-1 RA
- Twincretin
Tirzepatide (also known as LY3298176 ) is a first-in-class, synthetic 39-amino acid peptide engineered as a dual agonist for both the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor.
Mechanism, findings and references →
Cellular Research
6 summaries- Cibinetide
- ARA290
ARA-290 (also known as cibinetide ) is a synthetic 11-amino acid peptide derived from the three-dimensional structure of erythropoietin (EPO), specifically modeled after the helix-B surface domain of the EPO molecule.
Mechanism, findings and references →Epithalon (Epitalon / Epithalone / AEDG peptide) is a synthetic tetrapeptide analog of Epithalamin (bovine pineal gland extract) with the sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly — the most extensively studied telomerase -activating peptide in gerontology.
Mechanism, findings and references →FOXO4-DRI (Forkhead box O4 D-Retro-Inverso), also known as Proxofim, is a synthetic, cell-permeable D-retro-inverso peptide designed to selectively target and eliminate senescent cells through a mechanism termed Targeted Apoptosis of Senescent Cells (TASC).
Mechanism, findings and references →MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) with the sequence MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR, encoded by a small open reading frame within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene (MT-RNR1).
Mechanism, findings and references →- Coenzyme I
- diphosphopyridine nucleotide
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme found in every living cell, acting as an essential cofactor for energy metabolism and cellular signaling.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Elamipretide
- Forzinity™
- MTP-131
- Bendavia
SS-31 (elamipretide; also known as MTP-131, Bendavia, and the commercial drug Forzinity™ ) is a synthetic, aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide with the sequence D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ (where Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine).
Mechanism, findings and references →
Repair & Recovery
8 summaries- Bepecin
- PL 14736
- PL-10
- PLD-116
BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide composed of 15 amino acids, derived from a partial sequence of a larger protein naturally found in human gastric juice.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Fequesetide
- Thymosin β4 fragment (17-23)
- N-acetylated LKKTETQ
TB-500 is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of the N-terminal acetylated fragment (amino acids 17–23) of the naturally occurring protein Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4).
Scope: the cited literature covers BPC-157 and TB-500 individually. This SKU is a blend of both; the summary below covers the components, not the combination.
Mechanism, findings and references →- GLOW23 citations
GLOW Blend is a co-lyophilized research peptide complex combining three of the most extensively studied tissue-remodeling peptides in preclinical literature: 50 mg GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1), 10 mg BPC-157, and 10 mg TB-500 (Ac-LKKTETQ, the actin-binding fragment of Thymosin β4 ) — totaling 70 mg per vial.
Mechanism, findings and references → - KLOW14 citations
KLOW is an 80 mg multi-peptide research blend that pairs the three-peptide GLOW stack — GHK-Cu (50 mg), BPC-157 (10 mg), and TB-500 (10 mg) — with the α-MSH -derived anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV (10 mg).
Mechanism, findings and references → - α-MSH(11-13)
- KPV peptide
KPV is a naturally occurring tripeptide composed of Lysine-Proline-Valine, derived from the C-terminal fragment (amino acids 11–13) of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH).
Mechanism, findings and references →LL-37 is the only member of the cathelicidin family identified in humans — a 37-residue cationic, amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with the sequence LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Fequesetide
- Thymosin β4 fragment (17-23)
- N-acetylated LKKTETQ
TB-500 is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of the N-terminal acetylated fragment (amino acids 17–23) of the naturally occurring protein Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4).
Mechanism, findings and references →- Fequesetide
- Thymosin β4 fragment (17-23)
- N-acetylated LKKTETQ
TB-500 is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of the N-terminal acetylated fragment (amino acids 17–23) of the naturally occurring protein Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4).
Scope: the cited literature covers BPC-157 and TB-500 individually. This stack combines both; the summary below covers the components, not the combination.
Mechanism, findings and references →
Growth & Peptide Secretagogues
6 summariesCJC-1295 (no DAC), also known as Modified GRF (1-29) or Mod GRF 1-29, is a synthetic 29-amino acid peptide analog of endogenous growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).
Mechanism, findings and references →- CJC/IPA6 citations
CJC-1295 (also known as DAC:GRF, or Drug Affinity Complex: Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor) is a synthetic, 30-amino acid analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), engineered by ConjuChem Biotechnologies (Canada) using proprietary Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) technology.
Mechanism, findings and references → Ipamorelin (NNC 26-0161) is a synthetic pentapeptide growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) with the sequence Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂, derived from GHRP-1 by deletion of the central Ala-Trp dipeptide and N-terminal modification.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Sermorelin acetate
- Geref
- GRF 1-29 NH₂
- GHRH(1-29)
Sermorelin (also known as GRF 1-29 NH₂, trade name Geref ) is a synthetic 29-amino acid peptide corresponding to the first 29 residues of endogenous growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).
Mechanism, findings and references →- TH9507
- Egrifta
- Egrifta SV
- Egrifta WR
Tesamorelin (also known as TH9507, trade names Egrifta SV and Egrifta WR ) is a synthetic 44-amino acid growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog developed by Theratechnologies Inc.
Mechanism, findings and references →- TH9507
- Egrifta
- Egrifta SV
- Egrifta WR
Tesamorelin (also known as TH9507, trade names Egrifta SV and Egrifta WR ) is a synthetic 44-amino acid growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog developed by Theratechnologies Inc.
Scope: the cited literature covers Tesamorelin individually. This SKU is a blend with Ipamorelin; the summary below covers one component.
Mechanism, findings and references →
Cognitive
8 summariesDelta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is an amphiphilic neuropeptide consisting of nine amino acids ( Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu ) first isolated in 1974 from the cerebral venous blood of rabbits during electrically induced slow-wave sleep by the Schoenenberger-Monnier group at the University of Basel.
Mechanism, findings and references →Selank (TP-7) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the endogenous tetrapeptide tuftsin, a natural fragment of the heavy chain of human immunoglobulin G (IgG).
Scope: the cited literature covers Selank. N-Acetyl Selank Amidate is a modified analogue; the summary below describes the parent compound.
Mechanism, findings and references →Selank (TP-7) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the endogenous tetrapeptide tuftsin, a natural fragment of the heavy chain of human immunoglobulin G (IgG).
Scope: the cited literature covers Selank. N-Acetyl Selank Amidate is a modified analogue; the summary below describes the parent compound.
Mechanism, findings and references →Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the N-terminal fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Scope: the cited literature covers Semax. N-Acetyl Semax Amidate is a modified analogue; the summary below describes the parent compound.
Mechanism, findings and references →Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the N-terminal fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Scope: the cited literature covers Semax. N-Acetyl Semax Amidate is a modified analogue; the summary below describes the parent compound.
Mechanism, findings and references →Selank (TP-7) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the endogenous tetrapeptide tuftsin, a natural fragment of the heavy chain of human immunoglobulin G (IgG).
Mechanism, findings and references →Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the N-terminal fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Mechanism, findings and references →Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the N-terminal fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Mechanism, findings and references →
Cosmetic & Other
7 summariesGHK-Cu ( Copper Tripeptide-1 ) is a naturally occurring tripeptide-copper complex (Gly-His-Lys chelated to Cu²⁺) first isolated from human plasma in 1973 by Dr.
Mechanism, findings and references →Glutathione (GSH), also known as L-Glutathione or -L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, is a naturally occurring, water-soluble tripeptide composed of three amino acids: L-glutamate, L-cysteine, and glycine.
Mechanism, findings and references →- KISSPEPTIN18 citations
- Metastin
- KiSS-1-derived peptide
- Kp-54
- Kp-14
Kisspeptin refers to a family of neuropeptides encoded by the KISS1 gene (chromosome 1q32), originally identified in 1996 as a melanoma metastasis suppressor ("metastin").
Mechanism, findings and references → - KISSPEPTIN NASAL18 citations
- Metastin
- KiSS-1-derived peptide
- Kp-54
- Kp-14
Kisspeptin refers to a family of neuropeptides encoded by the KISS1 gene (chromosome 1q32), originally identified in 1996 as a melanoma metastasis suppressor ("metastin").
Mechanism, findings and references → Melanotan II (MT-II) is a synthetic, cyclic heptapeptide analog of the endogenous hormone α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), with the sequence Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH₂.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Pitocin
- Syntocinon
- Viatocinon
- Induxin
Oxytocin is a cyclic nonapeptide hormone and neuropeptide with the sequence Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH₂ — the first polypeptide hormone ever sequenced and synthesized.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Pitocin
- Syntocinon
- Viatocinon
- Induxin
Oxytocin is a cyclic nonapeptide hormone and neuropeptide with the sequence Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH₂ — the first polypeptide hormone ever sequenced and synthesized.
Mechanism, findings and references →
Research Compounds
2 summaries- Thymalfasin
- Zadaxin
- Tα1
- Talpha1
Thymosin Alpha 1 (Tα1), also known as thymalfasin (trade name Zadaxin ), is a highly conserved, 28-amino acid immunomodulatory polypeptide originally isolated from calf thymus tissue in 1977 by Dr.
Mechanism, findings and references →- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
- Aviptadil
- RLF-100
- Zyesami
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide belonging to the glucagon-secretin superfamily.
Mechanism, findings and references →
Not yet summarised
5 compounds have no sourced summary. We publish one only when it is referenced to primary peer-reviewed literature with working citations, so these pages say so rather than carry generated copy.
